http://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0651-8
최대 에너지 소비국인 미국이 트럼프 때문에 저 지경이니...
지난 25년간 전기 생산을 위한 에너지 소비가 150배로 늘었고, 바닷물이 이제까지 예상보다 60% 이상의 에너지를 흡수한 상태가 되었다고. 그래서 화석연료를 사용할 수록 더 민감하게 반응하게 되었다고...
The ocean is the main source of thermal inertia in the climate system
1
.
During recent decades, ocean heat uptake has been quantified by using
hydrographic temperature measurements and data from the Argo float
program, which expanded its coverage after 2007
2
,
3
.
However, these estimates all use the same imperfect ocean dataset and
share additional uncertainties resulting from sparse coverage,
especially before 2007
4
,
5
. Here we provide an independent estimate by using measurements of atmospheric oxygen (O
2
) and carbon dioxide (CO
2
)—levels
of which increase as the ocean warms and releases gases—as a
whole-ocean thermometer. We show that the ocean gained 1.33 ± 0.20 × 10
22
joules
of heat per year between 1991 and 2016, equivalent to a planetary
energy imbalance of 0.83 ± 0.11 watts per square metre of Earth’s
surface. We also find that the ocean-warming effect that led to the
outgassing of O
2
and CO
2
can be isolated from the direct effects of anthropogenic emissions and CO
2
sinks. Our result—which relies on high-precision O
2
measurements dating back to 1991
6
—suggests
that ocean warming is at the high end of previous estimates, with
implications for policy-relevant measurements of the Earth response to
climate change, such as climate sensitivity to greenhouse gases
7
and the thermal component of sea-level rise
8
.
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